Background of the Study
Educational institutions, especially secondary schools, play a crucial role in the political socialization process, offering students a formalized platform for learning about politics, governance, and citizenship (Alhaji & Mohammed, 2023). In Jema’a LGA, Kaduna State, civic education programs within secondary schools have been designed to enhance students' understanding of political processes and encourage active civic participation (Bello & Alhassan, 2024). These programs are expected to prepare students for participation in democratic processes, teaching them the importance of voting, political rights, and responsibilities. However, the effectiveness of these educational programs in influencing political attitudes and behaviors remains uncertain (Kusawa & Ibrahim, 2023). This study explores the impact of civic education in secondary schools in Jema’a LGA on the political socialization of students, specifically assessing how these programs shape their political awareness and participation.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
While the role of educational institutions in political socialization is widely acknowledged, there is limited research on how civic education programs in secondary schools in Jema’a LGA have influenced students' political awareness and behavior. Despite the curriculum's intended focus on fostering democratic values, there are concerns regarding the depth and quality of civic education, as well as its actual impact on students' attitudes towards politics and governance (Bajoga & Musa, 2024). This study seeks to address these gaps by evaluating the effectiveness of civic education programs in fostering political awareness and participation among students in Jema’a LGA.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To examine the content and delivery of civic education programs in secondary schools in Jema’a LGA.
To assess the impact of civic education on students' political awareness and attitudes in Jema’a LGA.
To evaluate how effectively civic education programs encourage active political participation among secondary school students in Jema’a LGA.
1.4 Research Questions
How effective are civic education programs in secondary schools in Jema’a LGA in enhancing political awareness?
What is the impact of civic education on students' political attitudes and behavior in Jema’a LGA?
To what extent do civic education programs encourage students to engage in political activities in Jema’a LGA?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
Civic education programs in secondary schools in Jema’a LGA significantly increase students' political awareness.
Civic education programs have a positive impact on the political attitudes and behaviors of students in Jema’a LGA.
Students who receive civic education are more likely to engage in political activities compared to those who do not.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is important for understanding the role of educational institutions, particularly secondary schools, in shaping the political behavior of young people. The findings will be beneficial to educators, policymakers, and curriculum developers, providing insights into the effectiveness of civic education in preparing students for active participation in democratic processes. The study also contributes to the broader discourse on youth political socialization in Nigeria.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
This research is limited to secondary schools in Jema’a LGA, Kaduna State, focusing on civic education programs. It does not explore other factors, such as family or peer influences, that may also play a role in political socialization.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Civic Education: Instruction in the rights, responsibilities, and functioning of government and political processes designed to prepare individuals for active citizenship.
Political Socialization: The process through which individuals learn and adopt political beliefs, values, and behaviors.
Political Awareness: The understanding and knowledge of political systems, issues, and events.
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